Texas has enacted a new law banning land and property purchases by individuals and entities from countries labeled as foreign adversaries—specifically China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea. Governor Greg Abbott signed Senate Bill 17 into law, framing it as a step to strengthen national security. The law takes effect on September 1 and includes exemptions for U.S. citizens and legal residents, though critics warn it opens the door to racial profiling and inconsistent enforcement.
With the passage of SB 17, Texas becomes the latest state to block property ownership by foreign nationals from adversarial nations. The law targets “real property,” covering everything from agricultural and residential land to industrial and mining areas. Lawmakers say the measure aligns with security priorities outlined in the 2025 Annual Threat Assessment.
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The legislation defines “real property” broadly, encompassing land used for farming, housing, commercial buildings, mining operations, and water-related infrastructure. Supporters argue the restrictions are essential to prevent foreign actors from gaining control of strategic resources or monitoring sensitive sites.
While the law imposes strict limits, it makes room for specific exemptions. U.S. citizens, green card holders, and other legally residing foreign nationals can still purchase a primary residence. Lease agreements shorter than one year aren’t affected. The Texas attorney general has authority to investigate and prosecute violations, which could carry felony charges.
Civil liberties advocates have sharply criticized the law. Asian Americans Advancing Justice condemned it as “outrageous,” arguing it casts too wide a net and risks targeting innocent people based solely on national origin. Arizona Governor Katie Hobbs raised similar alarms earlier this year, warning that such laws could lead to arbitrary enforcement.
Backers of the bill defend it as a necessary step in protecting the country. Michael Lucci, CEO of the conservative group State Armor Action, praised the move: “Chinese companies buying land near military bases isn’t a coincidence. It’s a clear attempt by the CCP to position espionage operations on American soil.” He urged other states to follow suit.
Texas joins 24 other states that have passed similar laws, up from 22 just a few months ago, according to the Committee of 100. Lawmakers in multiple states and in Congress are considering related bills, reflecting growing bipartisan concern over foreign ownership of American property.
On Capitol Hill, lawmakers recently introduced a bill to expand federal oversight of foreign farmland acquisitions. The proposal would add the Secretary of Agriculture to the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) and require the USDA to report all farmland purchases by foreign adversaries. Similar legislation is pending in states like New Hampshire and North Carolina, awaiting final approval.
